Pottery-kiln



A. SNOW.

POTTERY KILN.

(No Model.)

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR SNOV, OF CHAMBERSBURG, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO J OSEPII S. MAYER, OF VHITE HILL, NEV JERSEY.

POTTERY-KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 394,622, dated December 18, 1888.

Application filed "eptembf 20,1887. Serial No. 250,243. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ARTHUR SNOW, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chambersburg, in the county of Mercer and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Downdrat't Pottery-Kilns, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in pottery-kilns, wherein the heat from the lires after `filling the oven of the kiln impinges against the crown and is deflected and drawn downward by a special arrangement of flues. The division of the space under the oven- [ioor of downdraft kilns into an upper and a lower draft-chamber has heretofore been formed by the very expensive process of springing an arch between them.

One object of my invention is by a novel construction of the lower chamber to supersede the use of this arch by simpler and less expensive construction. Secondly, the downdraft kilns as heretofore constructed return the draft to the uptake either by an annular iiue built within the oven or by external chimneys, sometimes one of these latter being employed, but never more than two of them. The objection to the annular ilue is the great expense entailed in construction, the reduction of the oven-space of the kiln caused by its insertion therein, and the enormous expense entailed in its application to changing the old direct-draft kiln into the modern downdraft kiln; also reducing the oven-space in the transformation. The objection to either one or two external chimneys is, that the central portion of the kilnoven between the two chimneys (owing to the fact that draft inevitably takes the shortest cut in its exit) receives more than its.

quota of heat, while the space on each side will have its quota proportionately lessened, resulting in an unequal and detrimental bu rning of the ware.

The object of the second part of my invention is to obviate these defects.

The rst part of my invention consists in dividing` the lower or return draft-chamber into two annular compartments, whereby an intermediate wall is provided to support the properly-shaped fire-clay blocks of which I form the division between the upper and lower draft-chambers.

The second part of my invention consists in connecting my annular return-nues with three or more external chimneys, to insure a more equal distribution of heat in the kiln- Oven, three being shown in the drawings accompanying this specification for convenience of illustration.

I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a vertical section of my improved kiln, taken on line l 2 3. Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the kiln, taken on the line et 5 of Fig. l, showing the construction of my return-draft chamber.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

A, Fig. l, is the oven of the kiln, wherein the saggers containing ware to be burned are placed.

B is one of ten similar lires used for heating oven A.

B ,is one ol' ten similar ilues through which the heat from iire B passes into the oven A adjacent to its periphery.

Ba is a ue common to the ten lires B, through which the heat from lires passes into the central portion of oven A. It is connected with fires by flue B3.

B4 is the lower return-draft chamber divided into liues F F by the annular wall E3, inserted therein as a support for the plates of fire-brick .which form the division between the upper and lower draft-chambers.

C is a sight-hole for observing the progress of fire B.

D is a damper operated from the outside of kiln. Its object is to allow the smoke to escape from the oven A until the fires are 'fairly started, when it is closed and the combustion is carried on through the downdraft iiues and chimneys.

E E E2 are three downdraft flues in free connection with the two annular feeder-flues F F', and connected with oven A by flues E4 E5 E6.

E3 is an annular wall dividing flues F F', and also supporting the plates which form IOO Io D.

ues B' B2 will be deflected by the oven-crown and drawn downward by ten Sets of concen- The heat now entering the oven A by tric flues, E4 E5 E6, evenly distributed over the f'loor of oven A, and thence through chimneys F2 F3 F4 into the uptake What I desire to claim and secure by Letters Patent is- The lower ehrfmnber, B4, in combination with wall E3 and ues F F and E E E2, subst-anti'ally as and for the purpose specied.

ARTHUR SNOW.

VitneSses:

, WM. H. IvENs,

JOHN KRUMHOLZ. 

